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“Pragmatism unstiffens all our theories, limbers them up and sets each one at work.”
James presents pragmatism as a method that makes theories answer to practical consequences and experience instead of allowing abstract formulations to remain rigid and self-sufficient.
Source note: Pragmatism, Lecture II, “What Pragmatism Means”; Project Gutenberg #5116. The sentence follows James’s claim that theories become instruments rather than final answers.
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“You can’t yourself, but exterior influences can do it.”
Voice: Dialogue speaker · Old Man
The Old Man claims that opinions can change, but attributes the change to new evidence, conversation, study, and other influences entering from outside the individual.
Source note: What Is Man?, Old Man replying to the Young Man’s question about changing an automatic opinion; this is dialogic determinism, not neutral cognitive science.
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“Prejudices must be removed by outside influences or not at all.”
Voice: Dialogue speaker · Old Man
The Old Man argues that entrenched assumptions change through encounters, teaching, experience, and other influences rather than simply disappearing by private command.
Source note: What Is Man?, opening dialogue between the Old Man and Young Man; this sentence belongs to the Old Man’s deterministic argument about education and outside influence.
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“education ought to do more for a boy”
Washington rejects an overly narrow definition of schooling and asks whether education can improve the practical conditions and responsibilities of life.
Source note: Working With the Hands, Chapter I; Project Gutenberg #64504. This short excerpt precedes Washington’s discussion of poverty, family responsibility and practical education.
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“Our errors are surely not such awfully solemn things.”
James resists treating every possible intellectual mistake as catastrophic, because an excessive fear of error can itself prevent inquiry, experience and the possibility of gaining truth.
Source note: The Will to Believe, essay “The Will to Believe”; Project Gutenberg #26659. James is contrasting the risk of being mistaken with the cost of refusing every uncertain intellectual venture.
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“Life is a succession of lessons which must be lived to be understood.”
Some understanding arrives only through experience: ideas about character, consequence, relationship, and judgment become clearer when they have been lived rather than merely described.
Source note: The Conduct of Life; the line connects knowledge of life with accumulated experience and the lessons that experience makes intelligible.