What does this quote mean?

“He that answereth a matter before he heareth it, it is folly and shame unto him.”

Answering before listening mistakes speed for competence; understanding requires enough restraint to hear the matter before judging it.

Source note: Proverbs 18:13 in the King James Version.

“The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.”

Strong strategy begins by reducing one’s own avoidable vulnerabilities before depending on an opportunity created by the opponent.

Source note: The Art of War, Chapter IV “Tactical Dispositions,” Lionel Giles translation.

“For of course rashness is the note of youth, prudence of old age.”

The contrast assigns different characteristic strengths to stages of life, valuing experience for the restraint and judgment it can develop.

Source note: Cato on Old Age, Shuckburgh translation.

“What then remains but well our pow'r to use, And keep good-humour still whate'er we lose?”

Within Clarissa’s speech, the practical response to inevitable loss is to use one’s capacities well and preserve composure rather than trying to make change impossible.

Source note: The Rape of the Lock, Canto V; Clarissa speaks before the poem immediately returns to comic battle, a contrast that keeps the moral counsel inside the satire.

“Wisely and slow; they stumble that run fast.”

Speed without judgment can undermine the very goal a person is pursuing, so patience becomes part of effective action.

Source note: Act 2, Scene 3; Friar Laurence urges Romeo to move with greater care.

“Angry people are not always wise.”

Strong emotion can narrow judgment, so being certain while angry is not the same as being correct.

Source note: Pride and Prejudice; the line is preserved in the novel’s dialogue about anger, judgment, and the limits of certainty while emotions are high.