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“Though asleep, the conscience is there”
Tolstoy argues that social conditioning can suppress moral awareness without eliminating it, leaving open the possibility that conscience can reawaken.
Source note: The Kingdom of God Is Within You, Chapter XII; Constance Garnett translation, Project Gutenberg #43302. In the concluding chapter Tolstoy discusses soldiers, authority, hypnotic social conditioning and moral responsibility, arguing that conscience may be put to sleep without being destroyed.
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“All warfare is based on deception.”
Strategy depends partly on managing what an opponent believes about intentions, strength, timing, and position rather than revealing every fact directly.
Source note: The Art of War, Chapter I “Laying Plans,” Lionel Giles translation (1910).
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“truth is truth only when it is in action”
Tolstoy argues that truth becomes socially consequential when embodied in conduct rather than remaining only an inward opinion or abstract proposition.
Source note: My Religion, Chapter XII; Huntington Smith translation, represented 1885 Crowell edition, Project Gutenberg #43794. In the concluding chapter Tolstoy argues that truth becomes transmissible when embodied in action and brought to individual conscience; the explicitly Christian and social context remains visible.
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“Intelligence is the key to freedom in act.”
Effective freedom depends on understanding conditions well enough to form workable plans and act through real constraints, rather than merely asserting an unconstrained will.
Source note: Human Nature and Conduct, Part Four discussion of freedom; Project Gutenberg #41386. Dewey immediately connects the claim with consulting conditions, planning and foresight; it is philosophical argument rather than neuroscientific evidence.
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“The integrity of the upright shall guide them.”
Integrity functions as an internal guide when a person has to choose without knowing every consequence in advance.
Source note: Proverbs 11:3 in the King James Version; the opening clause is quoted here.
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“We must know the truth; and we must avoid error.”
James separates two intellectual duties—seeking truth and avoiding falsehood—to show that prioritizing one over the other can produce different habits of belief and inquiry.
Source note: The Will to Believe, essay “The Will to Believe”; Project Gutenberg #26659. James immediately argues that truth-seeking and error-avoidance are distinct laws rather than two phrasings of one command.