Source identified1
“Very few live by choice.”
Voice: Fictional character · Imlac
People often inherit circumstances they did not select, which can make neighboring lives appear more desirable than their own.
Source note: Rasselas, Chapter XXI; spoken by Imlac while challenging the assumption that apparently wise people deliberately chose the condition they inhabit.
Source identified2
“The present state of things is the consequence of the former.”
Voice: Fictional character · Imlac
Understanding present conditions requires tracing the earlier choices and causes that produced them rather than treating the present as isolated.
Source note: Rasselas, Chapter XXX; Imlac argues that studying history helps people understand the sources of present benefits and harms.
Source identified3
“Human life is everywhere a state in which much is to be endured and little to be enjoyed.”
Voice: Fictional character · Imlac
The novel resists fantasies of perfect circumstances by emphasizing that difficulty follows people across different places and conditions.
Source note: Rasselas, Chapter XVI; spoken by Imlac while comparing European life with the travelers’ expectations of happiness.
Source identified4
“Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, and knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful.”
Voice: Fictional character · The Astronomer
Knowledge needs ethical direction, while good intentions need understanding; either quality becomes inadequate when separated from the other.
Source note: Chapter 41; the Astronomer explains why both competence and moral character are needed for trust.
Source identified5
“Customs are not to be changed but for better.”
The maxim sets a burden on reform: novelty alone is not enough; a proposed change should be able to show a practical or rational advantage.
Source note: The Idler, No. 90; Johnson is discussing gesture and public speaking, not asserting that every inherited custom should remain untouched.
Source identified6
“We do not indeed so often disappoint others as ourselves.”
Private expectations can exceed what anyone else demands of us, so a life may feel disappointing chiefly by comparison with unfulfilled plans known only to oneself.
Source note: The Idler, No. 88; the surrounding paragraph concerns private hopes, proposed tasks and the gap between imagined achievement and lived action.
Source identified7
“And pause awhile from Learning to be wise;”
Johnson distinguishes accumulating learning from exercising judgment, asking the scholar to interrupt pursuit of knowledge long enough to examine what wisdom requires.
Source note: The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749), Johnson’s imitation of Juvenal’s Tenth Satire; the line introduces a section on the hazards and disappointments surrounding learned ambition.