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“Society in equality is its normal state.”
Mill contrasts relations organized around command and obedience with equal association, presenting equality as the normal direction of an improving society.
Source note: The Subjection of Women, discussion of marriage and moral cultivation; the sentence follows Mill’s contrast between older command-and-obedience relations and society among equals.
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“Twice two makes five is sometimes a very charming thing too.”
Voice: Fictional narrator · Underground Man
The absurd equation represents the human impulse to resist perfect rational calculation simply to preserve a sense of independent choice.
Source note: Notes from Underground, Part I; it immediately follows the narrator’s complaint about “twice two makes four.”
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“The a priori presumption is in favour of freedom and impartiality.”
Mill places the burden of proof on restrictions and unequal privilege rather than treating inherited inequality as self-justifying.
Source note: The Subjection of Women, Chapter I; the line appears in Mill’s argument about where the burden of proof should fall when liberty or equal treatment is restricted.
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“What is the Seal of Liberty Attained?—To be no longer ashamed of oneself.”
Nietzsche links attained freedom with release from self-shame, framing liberty as partly an inward change in one’s relation to oneself.
Source note: The Joyful Wisdom, aphorism 275; Thomas Common translation.
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“What women by nature cannot do, it is quite superfluous to forbid them from doing.”
The argument exposes a contradiction in claims about natural incapacity: if an activity were truly impossible by nature, legal prohibition would be unnecessary.
Source note: The Subjection of Women, Chapter I; Mill argues against using custom and prohibition as evidence of women’s supposed natural limitations.
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“Man is not the enemy of man, but through the medium of a false system of Government.”
Paine attributes much social conflict to institutions and inherited political systems rather than treating hostility as an unavoidable feature of human nature.
Source note: Rights of Man, Part II; represented from the Conway public-domain collection.