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“All men by nature desire to know.”
Aristotle treats the desire for knowledge as a basic human tendency, giving curiosity a foundational place in the movement from perception toward understanding.
Source note: Metaphysics, Book I, chapter 1, W. D. Ross translation; the work opens with this claim before discussing sensation, memory, experience, art, and knowledge.
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“He who knows only his own side of the case, knows little of that.”
Understanding a position requires serious contact with competing arguments; familiarity with only one side can produce confidence without real comprehension.
Source note: On Liberty, Chapter 2; Mill argues for open discussion because opposing views expose weaknesses and sharpen understanding.
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“Learning without thought is labour lost; thought without learning is perilous.”
Study and reflection are treated as partners: information without examination is shallow, while speculation without learning can drift away from reality.
Source note: Analects 2:15 in James Legge’s translation; the saying balances study with independent reflection.
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“And pause awhile from Learning to be wise;”
Johnson distinguishes accumulating learning from exercising judgment, asking the scholar to interrupt pursuit of knowledge long enough to examine what wisdom requires.
Source note: The Vanity of Human Wishes (1749), Johnson’s imitation of Juvenal’s Tenth Satire; the line introduces a section on the hazards and disappointments surrounding learned ambition.
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“Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.”
Other people’s failures can become instruction when we pay attention to consequences before repeating the same mistake ourselves.
Source note: Moral printed after “The Lion, the Fox, and the Ass”; the fox changes his conduct after observing the ass’s fate.
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“The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.”
Voice: Fictional character · Touchstone
Recognizing the limits of one’s knowledge is presented as a mark of wisdom, while certainty about one’s own wisdom can be evidence of the opposite.
Source note: As You Like It, Act 5, Scene 1.