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“For we have confidence in those who we think have more understanding than ourselves”
Cicero treats confidence in another person as partly a judgment about competence: people are more willing to rely on someone they believe can understand difficult circumstances and reach sound decisions.
Source note: De Officiis, Book II, section 33, Project Gutenberg #47001. Cicero’s larger argument says public confidence depends on practical wisdom joined with justice; intelligence alone is not presented as sufficient for trust.
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“A liar will not be believed, even when he speaks the truth.”
Voice: Fictional character · Wise man of the village
Repeated deception damages credibility beyond the original lie: once listeners have learned to expect false alarms, even a later truthful warning can fail to restore belief in time.
Source note: Joseph Jacobs, The Fables of Aesop, “The Shepherd Boy and the Wolf,” Project Gutenberg #28. The wise man of the village gives the moral after the boy’s repeated false cries cause the villagers to ignore his real warning.
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“Self-help is the best help.”
Asking for help does not replace the responsibility to make the effort that is already within one’s own power.
Source note: Moral printed after “Hercules and the Wagoner” in the Townsend translation; Hercules first tells the driver to help himself.
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“He that walketh uprightly walketh surely.”
Consistent upright conduct reduces the need to maintain conflicting stories or hidden motives.
Source note: Proverbs 10:9 in the King James Version; the opening clause is quoted here.
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“This above all: to thine own self be true.”
Voice: Fictional character · Polonius
Polonius frames integrity as consistency between inward conviction and outward conduct, although the advice belongs to a fallible fictional counselor.
Source note: Hamlet, Act 1, Scene 3; Polonius gives Laertes this advice before Laertes leaves for France.
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“Bitter for a free man is the bondage of debt.”
Debt can restrict future choices and independence, so borrowing is framed not only financially but also as a constraint on freedom.
Source note: The Moral Sayings of Publius Syrus, maxim 14, in Darius Lyman’s 1856 English rendering; maxim order can vary across editions.